Paying for social care (older people)

Ways to pay for care

This page covers:

  • Using allowances and pensions,
  • Buying a guaranteed income for life to pay for care,
  • Options for using the value of property.

Paying for social care in older age can be costly and people are often surprised to find they must pay much of the cost themselves. People who pay for care are often referred to as ‘self-funders’. Care often starts off as casual, unpaid family help with occasional paid-for care. As people need more care at home or move into a care home, the weekly costs can become very high and even those with comfortable savings worry about the future costs of care.

Sinclair describes how he feels about paying for care.

Sinclair describes how he feels about paying for care.

Age at interview: 92
Sex: Male
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

I accept the inevitability of it, but there is a, it seems to me there is a dreadful unfairness in that we have been prudent over the years and I suppose at one time if you take our total estate you might say that we’re modestly rich this, our two fees together is £2,500 a month even if you’re modestly rich it runs down at quite a speed, yeah, yeah.

People pay for social care in different ways: from pensions, savings and investments, selling or renting out their property, or  using benefits such as Attendance Allowance.

Jane’s mother used income from various places to pay for her care home.

Jane’s mother used income from various places to pay for her care home.

Age at interview: 60
Sex: Female
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

The income, her income streams, which was her own, her own state pension and an occupational pension of my father’s so it was a widow’s pension, and she also had attendance allowance. So they were her three forms of income and then details of her investments at the time.

Attendance Allowance

Attendance Allowance is a benefit for people who need help with everyday activities because they are physically or mentally disabled and over state pension age. There is a lower and higher rate of Attendance Allowance. It is not means-tested so everyone who has care needs that meet the conditions will receive this benefit. Applications for Attendance Allowance should be sent to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) on the relevant claim form. See more about Attendance Allowance in Benefits and other help with funding care.

Pensions

Some people cover the cost of their care with their pension income although people told us they had to dip into savings as their care needs increased. Some couples said their pensions were very different, often the woman’s pension was smaller than her husband’s. This can affect how they share the costs of care.

Lynne explains that her father had a good pension income but her mother’s pension was much smaller.

Lynne explains that her father had a good pension income but her mother’s pension was much smaller.

Age at interview: 65
Sex: Female
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

And also the fact that, like, my father has a very good pension, plus the government pension, plus attendance allowance, and my mum has private pension but it’s tiny compared to my father’s. Her government pension is less than my father gets, her attendance allowance is the same. But her care fees are exactly the same so there’s a huge imbalance of how much you need for each person.

Buying a guaranteed income for life to pay the costs of care (an Immediate Needs Annuity)

Many people do not know that there are financial products that guarantee an income for life to pay for care costs. These products are called immediate needs annuities or immediate need care fee payment plans. The person needing care pays an upfront lump sum for a policy that pays for care until the end of their life. The cost depends on a person’s age, health and medical history. It is called an ‘immediate needs’ annuity because it is only available for people who already have care needs. They can be tax free. It is essential to talk to a registered later life adviser before buying one of these policies. For more about this, see What is an immediate needs annuity?. People we spoke to who bought an immediate needs annuity said they were very happy with the process and the peace of mind it gave to the family and the person receiving care. But it is not something that would be right for everyone.

Mark explains how he found out about immediate needs annuities.

Mark explains how he found out about immediate needs annuities.

Age at interview: 58
Sex: Male
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

Yeah, we thought, you know, what if he lives to be a hundred, you know, we will have to, we don’t want to move him. So in fact the, his care home have been extremely helpful in, from the moment he moved in up until; well they’re always helpful actually. But they, when he moved in they explained all the various allowances that he was eligible for and so we did all of that, and they were quite they were very helpful in sort of talking us through the pros and cons from their point of view of a what’s it called? It is called a care, a lifetime care plan; it’s an, I think it’s an annuity is it?

The value of a home or other property

The value of a person’s home will not be included in a financial assessment by the local council if the person needing care, or their husband, wife or someone else who is a dependent, continues to live there. More about this in What is a financial assessment?. But if the person needing care lives alone and then moves into a care home, they may need to think about how to use the value of their home to help pay towards care costs. It might be possible for the local council to pay the care fees as a loan which will be paid back to them when the person’s home is sold. This is called a deferred payment agreement. Not everyone is eligible for a deferred payment agreement so it is worth checking with the local council.

Sharon, Income Services Manager at City of York Council, talks about deferred payment.

Sharon, Income Services Manager at City of York Council, talks about deferred payment.

SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

And basically deferred payment is like mortgage you agree for the local authority to put a charge over your property and they will then contribute to your care or your care home and the care costs over and above your income. So, for example, you’re in a care home that costs 1000 pounds and you were paying 250 pound a week from your income, the 750 pound could be offset against your property, your asset, through a deferred payment agreement.

Parting with the family home can be worrying for people paying for care and their relatives. The people we spoke to choose different ways of dealing with this. Some left the property unoccupied for a few months so that their relative could decide about selling when they were ready. Others sold the property as soon as they could and used the money to pay care home fees. Some children of people paying for care had Lasting Power of Attorney and decided not to tell their parents about selling their home because they thought it would be too stressful.

Andrew and his sisters sold their mother’s house to pay towards her care home fees.

Andrew and his sisters sold their mother’s house to pay towards her care home fees.

Age at interview: 58
Sex: Male
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

We had Power of Attorney so myself and one of my sisters tends to manage mum’s account. So obviously mum had started to pay from her savings; at the same time obviously we, mum had left her home, her flat that she owned here in [town], and we put that on the market to sell that and eventually, after a few months, that sold so that topped up her savings and we’re now funding mum. Obviously when she went from residential to nursing care the fund the fees increased at that stage so that was a bit of a blow again but mum’s fees are currently met out of her savings.

Families have to decide how to look after quite large amounts of money after selling a home or other property. Some people decided to keep matters simple and put all the money in one bank account even though they knew they would not be getting the best returns. A few people told us they consulted financial advisers to help decide how to look after the money.

Bella consulted a financial adviser about investing money to pay for care.

Bella consulted a financial adviser about investing money to pay for care.

Age at interview: 69
Sex: Female
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

She had a lot of pensions, she’d done a lot of investing, she had ISAs coming out of her ears, and we could make up about 80% of what was needed monthly. So, ah, when we sold the house, I put it into something and took an income out of it, and that covered it for the first 2 or 3 years – 4 years, in fact. We then got to the point where I needed to activate her final lump sum that she had, that we’d been just reinvesting and reinvesting, so the money had grown a little bit, to try and kind of index-link it so to speak, and I’d just sent off to have that turned into income when she died.

Some families rented out their parents’ home and used the rent to contribute towards care home fees. However, others said that renting seemed complicated and they just wanted the finances to be as simple as possible so they sold the property.

Simon did not want to sell his father’s house so he arranged to rent it out as a holiday let.

Simon did not want to sell his father’s house so he arranged to rent it out as a holiday let.

Age at interview: 60
Sex: Male
SHOW TEXT VERSION
PRINT TRANSCRIPT

You’re not really planning to sell your father’s house any time soon?

No. I don’t want to. He, he says, “Why don’t we just sell the house?” And so, and I’ve said to him, “Look, well, I’ve set up a business now.” So there’s a partnership, me and my dad that administer that house as a holiday let. So with his permission last year I did some work on the house, the first work that’s been done in forty years, to get it up to a standard where we could rent it. Originally I was thinking of renting it to a family and then I thought about holiday let, because then we can use it, dad could go down there; now, of course, dad can’t go down there because he can’t walk anymore. So we set up a partnership that is a, well hasn’t been going a year yet but we’ll see what happens.

That sounds like a good idea.

Yeah, a friend of mine advised me to do that; he said, “Well why don’t you let it? Because otherwise, you know, it’s just going to…”

A lot of work though, you’ve got to be on hand.

I was down for about three months getting that done, yeah.

And, and I suppose each week that it’s let out you’ve got to be sort of…

It’s been, it’s been let out as a holiday let since May last year and up till now [touching wood] it’s been pretty good, but then this virus has kicked in and we don’t know what’s going to happen now.

Last reviewed 2021.

Copyright © 2024 University of Oxford. All rights reserved.